html, body, main, header, nav, section, div, figure, figcaption, h1, h2, h3, p, a, i, span, strong, em, small, sub, sup, label, output, pre, code { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: 0; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; }
body { display: flex; flex-direction: column; min-height: 100vh; }
h1, h2, h3, p, a, code, pre { color: #353535; line-height: 1.5; font-weight: 300; font-size: 18px; }
a { color: inherit; }
b { font-weight: 600; }
sub, sup { font-weight: inherit; font-size: .65em; position: relative; }
sub { top: .3em; }
sup { top: -.5em; }
img { width: 100%; margin: 0 auto; }
svg { width: 100%; }
.container { flex: 1; }
a, code, pre, div { font-size: 15px; }
@media (min-width: 769px) {
a, code, pre, div { font-size: 16px; } h1.title { padding-bottom: 1vh; }
}
@media (min-width: 992px) {
a, code, pre, div { font-size: 17px; }
}
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
a, code, pre, div { font-size: 18px; }
}
@media (min-width: 1600px) {
a, code, pre, div { font-size: 20px; }
}
@media (min-width: 2400px) {
a, code, pre, div { font-size: 22px; }
}
button, .button { background: #ececec; border-radius: 10px; padding: .75em 1em; margin-bottom: 10px; color: #353535; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; font-size: .65em; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .075em; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; user-select: none; }
button:hover, .button:hover { opacity: .8; color: #353535; }
button:active, .button:active { opacity: .5; }
pre { position: relative; }
code { font-size: 75%; line-height: 1.5; }
pre code { background: #fafafa; display: block; padding: 1.5vh 1.5vw; overflow-x: auto; }
:root { --ink: #353535; --muted: #687178; --line: #dfe3e5; --body-size: 15px; --title-size: 30px; --section-size: 24px; --reading-width: 88vw; --wide-width: 88vw; --hero-width: 88vw; --section-space: 40px; }
@media (min-width: 769px) {
:root { --body-size: 16px; --reading-width: 70vw; --wide-width: 84vw; --hero-width: 83vw; --section-space: 48px; }
}
@media (min-width: 992px) {
:root { --body-size: 16px; --reading-width: 60vw; --wide-width: 83vw; --hero-width: 80vw; }
}
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
:root { --body-size: 16.5px; --title-size: 30px; --section-size: 26px; --reading-width: 52vw; --wide-width: 76vw; --hero-width: 76vw; --section-space: 56px; }
}
@media (min-width: 1600px) {
:root { --body-size: 18px; --title-size: 36px; --section-size: 30px; --reading-width: 46vw; --wide-width: 72vw; --hero-width: 72vw; --section-space: 64px; }
}
@media (min-width: 2000px) {
:root { --reading-width: 40vw; --wide-width: 68vw; --hero-width: 64vw; }
}
@media (min-width: 2400px) {
:root { --body-size: 19px; --reading-width: 36vw; --wide-width: 64vw; --hero-width: 60vw; }
}
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 78px; }
body { background: #fff; color: var(--ink); font: 400 var(--body-size)/1.6 var(--sans); }
[hidden] { display: none !important; }
h1 { font-family: var(--sans); color: inherit; }
h2 { font-family: var(--sans); color: inherit; }
h3 { font-family: var(--sans); color: inherit; }
p { font-family: var(--sans); color: inherit; }
a { font-family: var(--sans); color: inherit; }
li { font-family: var(--sans); color: inherit; }
h1 { padding: 0; letter-spacing: normal; }
h2 { padding: 0; letter-spacing: normal; }
h3 { padding: 0; letter-spacing: normal; }
p { font-size: var(--body-size); font-weight: 400; }
strong { font-weight: 700; }
em { font-style: italic; }
a { font: inherit; text-underline-offset: 3px; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; }
a:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--primary); outline-offset: 4px; }
button:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--primary); outline-offset: 4px; }
input:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--primary); outline-offset: 4px; }
[tabindex]:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--primary); outline-offset: 4px; }
input { font: inherit; }
button { cursor: pointer; }
img { display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; }
::selection { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--primary) 20%, white); color: var(--ink); }
.text-accent { color: var(--accent); }
.text-primary { color: var(--primary); }
.math { font-family: var(--serif); font-style: italic; white-space: nowrap; }
.skip-link { position: fixed; top: -100px; left: 20px; z-index: 30; background: white; padding: 12px; }
.skip-link:focus { top: 8px; }
.site-header { height: 58px; position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 10; background: linear-gradient(112deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .66), rgba(230, 239, 245, .48) 48%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .62)); -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(36px) saturate(180%) brightness(1.08); backdrop-filter: blur(36px) saturate(180%) brightness(1.08); border-bottom: 0; box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, .18), 0 5px 18px rgba(16, 45, 68, .075); padding: 0; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }
.site-header::before { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; z-index: 0; pointer-events: none; background: url('glass-grain.svg') repeat; opacity: .1; mix-blend-mode: multiply; }
.site-header::after { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; height: 1px; z-index: 2; pointer-events: none; background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .1), rgba(255, 255, 255, .26) 48%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .12)); box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(16, 45, 68, .08); }
.site-header > * { position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.header-main { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 24px; width: var(--wide-width); margin: 0 auto; }
@supports not ((backdrop-filter: blur(1px)) or (-webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(1px))) {
.site-header { background: rgba(242, 247, 250, .96); }
}
.wordmark { display: inline-flex; align-items: baseline; text-decoration: none; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: normal; }
.brand-dot { color: var(--accent); margin-left: 1px; }
.site-header nav { display: flex; gap: 24px; align-items: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: 24px; }
.site-header nav a { font-size: calc(var(--body-size)*.85); font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; }
.site-header nav a:hover { color: var(--primary); }
.site-header > .nav-action { position: absolute; right: 16px; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); }
.nav-action { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .5em; color: var(--primary); font-size: clamp(11px, .9vw, 14px); font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .06em; line-height: 1.5; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; white-space: nowrap; }
.nav-external-icon { display: block; width: 1.1em; height: 1.1em; flex-shrink: 0; }
.nav-action:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.paper-heading { width: var(--wide-width); max-width: 1280px; padding: 42px 0 32px; text-align: center; margin: auto; }
.paper-heading h1 { font-size: var(--title-size); line-height: 1.25; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0 0 22px; }
.authors { font-size: calc(var(--body-size)); font-style: italic; line-height: 1.65; font-weight: 400; }
.authors sup { font-size: .85em; top: -.45em; margin-left: 2px; font-style: normal; }
.affiliations { font-size: calc(var(--body-size)*.85); color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.65; margin-top: 10px; }
.affiliations sup { font-size: .85em; }
.author-notes { font-size: calc(var(--body-size)*.85); color: var(--muted); margin-top: 7px; }
.resource-links { display: flex; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin-top: 20px; }
.hero-banner { background: var(--hero-background); color: #fff; }
.hero-inner { width: var(--hero-width); max-width: 1440px; padding: 42px 0; margin: auto; display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: clamp(32px, 4vw, 64px); align-items: center; }
.hero-title { font: 400 var(--title-size)/1.25 var(--sans); letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 20px; color: #fff; }
.hero-summary { font: 400 var(--body-size)/1.65 var(--sans); color: #dce6ee; }
.hero-summary strong { color: inherit; font-weight: 600; }
.story-link { display: inline-block; margin-top: 20px; font-size: calc(var(--body-size)*.9); text-decoration: none; color: #bfdced; }
.story-link span { margin-left: 14px; }
.prose { width: var(--reading-width); max-width: 1040px; padding: 0; margin: 0 auto; }
body .prose.container.blog { width: var(--reading-width); max-width: 1040px; padding: 0; margin: 0 auto; }
.wide { width: var(--wide-width); max-width: 1440px; margin: 0 auto; }
.story-section { padding: var(--section-space) 0 0; }
.section-index { font: 400 calc(var(--body-size)*.65)/1.5 var(--sans); letter-spacing: .08em; color: #788188; margin-bottom: 12px; }
.story-section h2 { font-size: var(--section-size); line-height: 1.3; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 18px; }
body .container.blog p.text { font: 400 var(--body-size)/1.65 var(--serif); padding: 0; margin: 0 0 20px; }
body .container.blog p.text:last-child { padding-bottom: 0; margin-bottom: 0; }
.figure { margin: 26px auto; }
.figure > a { display: block; }
.figure img { width: 100%; height: auto; }
.figure figcaption { font: 400 calc(var(--body-size)*.85)/1.5 var(--sans); color: var(--muted); margin-top: 14px; }
figure figcaption { font: 400 calc(var(--body-size)*.85)/1.5 var(--sans); color: var(--muted); margin-top: 14px; }
.figure figcaption a { font: inherit; white-space: nowrap; color: var(--primary); }
.figure figcaption strong { font-weight: 600; color: var(--ink); }
.citation-block { padding-top: 40px; padding-bottom: 10px; }
.citation-toolbar { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 20px; margin-bottom: 14px; }
.citation-toolbar .section-index { margin: 0; }
.citation-toolbar button { border: 0; margin: 0; box-shadow: none; }
#copy-status { min-height: 20px; font-size: calc(var(--body-size)*.65); color: var(--primary); margin-top: 5px; }
@media (max-width: 991px) {
.hero-inner { width: var(--wide-width); gap: 30px; }

}
@media (max-width: 1199px) {
html { scroll-padding-top: 104px; }
.site-header { height: auto; min-height: 54px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; gap: 8px 16px; padding: 10px calc((100% - var(--wide-width))/2); }
.header-main { display: contents; }
.site-header nav { grid-column: 1 / -1; grid-row: 2; width: 100%; margin: 0; justify-content: center; gap: 24px; }
.site-header > .nav-action { position: static; transform: none; grid-column: 2; grid-row: 1; justify-self: end; font-size: 11px; }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.site-header nav { justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; }
.site-header nav a { font-size: 11px; }
.site-header nav a.compact-hide { display: none; }
.paper-heading { padding: 30px 0 28px; }
.paper-heading h1 { font-size: var(--title-size); line-height: 1.3; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.paper-heading h1 br { display: none; }
.desktop-break { display: none; }
.authors { line-height: 1.7; }
.resource-links { gap: 10px; margin-top: 18px; }
.hero-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; padding: 32px 0; }
.hero-title br { display: none; }
.story-section h2 { font-size: var(--section-size); line-height: 1.3; margin-bottom: 17px; }
body .container.blog p.text { margin-bottom: 18px; }
.figure figcaption { font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.5; }
figure figcaption { font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.5; }
.citation-block { padding-top: 32px; }
}
.figure { width: var(--reading-width); max-width: 1040px; margin-top: 28px; margin-bottom: 28px; }
.wide-figure { width: var(--reading-width); max-width: 1040px; margin-top: 28px; margin-bottom: 28px; }
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.figure { width: var(--reading-width); }
.wide-figure { width: var(--reading-width); }
}
.resource-links { font-size: var(--body-size); }
.resource-links .button { margin-bottom: 0; }
.citation-block pre { max-width: 100%; padding: 0; background: transparent; border: 0; border-radius: 0; box-shadow: none; font: 400 var(--body-size)/1.6 var(--mono); }
.citation-block pre code { margin: 0; border: 0; border-radius: 0; box-shadow: none; font-family: var(--mono); font-weight: 400; color: #666667; white-space: pre; }
.paper-heading h1 { font-weight: 500; }
.hero-title { font-weight: 500; }
.story-section h2 { font-weight: 700; }
.button { font-family: var(--sans); }
button { font-family: var(--sans); }
.resource-links .button { gap: .5em; }
.resource-glyph { font-family: "Clarity Icons"; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1; display: inline-block; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0; font-synthesis: none; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
.glyph-book::before { content: "\f518"; }
.glyph-poster::before { content: "\f1c4"; }
.glyph-quote::before { content: "\f10d"; }
.resource-links .button { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: calc(var(--body-size)*.7); font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .075em; }
.citation-toolbar button { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: calc(var(--body-size)*.7); font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .075em; }
.resource-links .button { align-items: center; line-height: 1; padding: .85em 1em; }
.resource-links .resource-label { display: block; line-height: 1; }
.resource-links .resource-status { text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1; }
.resource-links .button:disabled { border: 0; background: #f1f3f4; color: #899298; cursor: not-allowed; opacity: 1; box-shadow: none; }
.resource-links .resource-glyph { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex: 0 0 1.15em; width: 1.15em; height: 1em; font-size: 1.1em; line-height: 1; transform: translateY(-.06em); }
.hero-summary { text-align: justify; text-align-last: start; text-justify: inter-word; -webkit-hyphens: auto; hyphens: auto; }
body .container.blog p.text { text-align: justify; text-align-last: start; text-justify: inter-word; -webkit-hyphens: auto; hyphens: auto; }
.figure figcaption { text-align: justify; text-align-last: start; text-justify: inter-word; -webkit-hyphens: auto; hyphens: auto; }
figure figcaption { text-align: justify; text-align-last: start; text-justify: inter-word; -webkit-hyphens: auto; hyphens: auto; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
}
.site-credit { width: var(--wide-width); max-width: 1440px; margin: 26px auto 0; padding: 12px 0 28px; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; gap: 24px; font: 400 clamp(13px, calc(var(--body-size)*.9), 16px)/1.5 var(--sans); color: var(--muted); }
.site-note { font-family: var(--serif); font-style: italic; }
.site-credit a { color: #4d606e; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 4px; text-decoration-color: #8295a3; }
.site-credit a:hover { color: var(--primary); text-decoration-color: currentColor; }
@media (max-width: 600px) {
.site-credit { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 12px; }
.site-credit a { align-self: flex-end; }
}
.site-header nav { position: relative; }
.site-header nav a[aria-current="location"] { color: var(--primary); font-weight: 500; }
.nav-indicator { position: absolute; left: 0; bottom: -7px; height: 2px; border-radius: 2px; background: var(--primary); opacity: 0; pointer-events: none; transform-origin: center; transition: transform 420ms cubic-bezier(.2, 1.18, .35, 1), width 300ms cubic-bezier(.2, 1, .35, 1), opacity 150ms ease; will-change: transform; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
.nav-indicator { transition: none; }
}
#copy-status:empty { display: none; }